CLASSIFICATION AFRICAN MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS (Lesson 2)

Membranophonic Instruments

Membranophone, are the categories of African of musical instruments in which a stretched membrane vibrated to produce sound.

Membranophones are made of wood and animal skin. Membranophone includes all kinds of drums.

Djembe

Talking drum (Gangan)

Iya ilu (Saworo ide)

Bata drum

Local Conga

Idiophonic Instruments

Idiophones are those of musical instruments in made of a resonant solid material such as wood, metal etc.

Idiophonic instruments produced sound by striking, beating or scrapping their body without the use of strings or membranes.

Examples of ideophones are; slit drum, metal bell, xylophone, shakers, etc.

Claves

Put Drum

Guard Rattle (Sekere)

Slit drum

Woodblock

Xylophone

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DRAMA PERSONNEL

What is drama personnel Drama personnel can be defined as the group of professionals brought together for a drama production. Drama personnel are divided into two groups namely; * The cast crew * Production crew The Production Crew The production crew members are the professionals who handle different technical aspect of the production such as light, sound, costume, make-up, etc The production crew is divided into two, * The Technical Crew - Make - up artist - Set designer - Sound manager - Light manager - Costumier etc. * The Artist Crew - Director - Stage manager - Assistant director etc.

ACCIDENTALS

What are accidentals in music? An are musical symbols used to modify the pitch of musical notes in written piece of music notation. There are different types of accidentals in music but the following are the three the three most commonly used accidentals in music. 1. Sharp sign. 2. Flat sign. 3. Natural sign. These three music accidental can turn a pitch sharp, flat, or back to its natural state. - Sharp Sign : It is used to raise the value of a musical note or pitch by a semitone. - Flat Sign : The flat sign is used to reduce the value of a pitch or musical not by a semitone. - Natural Sign : A natural sign is used to restore or bring back the value of a modified musical note back to its original position.

CHORDOPHONES AND AEROPHONES

Chordophone African Instruments: Chordophonic musical instruments are the those African musical instruments that produce sound from vibration of stretched strings between fixed points. TYPES OF CHORDOPHONIC INSTRUMENTS 1. Zither 2. Lute 3. Lyre 4. Harp 5. How 6. Molo 7. Kora AEROPHONES What Are Aerophone African Instruments Aerophone African Instruments are those class of instruments that produce sound when air is blown into them. They are found in many countries throughout Africa and are normally incorporated with dancing, the musicians having to synchronize their footwork along with playing their notes. TYPES OF AEROPHONES AFRICAN INSTRUMENTS 1. Mandinka 2. Algaita 3. Nyanga pan pipes 4. Bamboo pipes 5. Kakaki 6. Bugle

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