FAMILIES OF THE ORCHESTRA

FOUR FAMILIES OF THE ORCHESTRA

Western orchestra instruments are divided into four families. They are;

a. String family: The string section is the largest family of orchestra instruments in the orchestra and they come in four sizes: the violin, which is the smallest, viola, cello, and the biggest instrument is the double bass, sometimes called the contrabass. These four instruments produce sound when their strings are bowed or plucked.

b. Brass family: The brass family comprises of instruments that produce sound when air is blown into them. These instruments are made of Metal or brass. Examples of brass instruments are, Euphonium, trumpet, trombone, tuba etc.

c. Woodwind family: The woodwind are narrow cylinder or pipes, with holes and opening at the top and bottom and a mouthpiece. Wood wind instruments are made of wood and they also produce sound when air is blown into them. Examples of wood wind instruments include clarinet, flute, bassoon, oboe etc.

d. Percussion family: Percussion instruments produce sound when the body is been stickers or scraped by a beater. Examples of percussion instruments are drum, triangle, timpani, maracas etc.

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DRAMA PERSONNEL

What is drama personnel Drama personnel can be defined as the group of professionals brought together for a drama production. Drama personnel are divided into two groups namely; * The cast crew * Production crew The Production Crew The production crew members are the professionals who handle different technical aspect of the production such as light, sound, costume, make-up, etc The production crew is divided into two, * The Technical Crew - Make - up artist - Set designer - Sound manager - Light manager - Costumier etc. * The Artist Crew - Director - Stage manager - Assistant director etc.

ACCIDENTALS

What are accidentals in music? An are musical symbols used to modify the pitch of musical notes in written piece of music notation. There are different types of accidentals in music but the following are the three the three most commonly used accidentals in music. 1. Sharp sign. 2. Flat sign. 3. Natural sign. These three music accidental can turn a pitch sharp, flat, or back to its natural state. - Sharp Sign : It is used to raise the value of a musical note or pitch by a semitone. - Flat Sign : The flat sign is used to reduce the value of a pitch or musical not by a semitone. - Natural Sign : A natural sign is used to restore or bring back the value of a modified musical note back to its original position.

THE STAGE

What is a stage in drama? A stage is a space in a theatre or hall where theatrical performances are carried out. It is a focal point for the members of the audience. TYPES OF STAGE · Proscenium stage · Theatre in the round · Platform stage · Thrust stage · Open air theatres STAGE DIRECTION / PARTS OF THE STAGE The stage is divided into the following sections; · The up stage right · Up stage center · Up stage left · Right stage center · Center stage · ...

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